Descrição
This article proposes an analysis of the story "Ana Davenga" (2016), by Olhos D'água, by the Brazilian writer Conceição Evaristo. In this work, narrated in the third person, there is a feminization of the narrative approach, that is, the perspective of the omniscient voice, despite not belonging to the universe that counts, elicits a woman's gaze. Through the intersection of the categories race / class / gender, a reading is formed from which women would not be treated as a universal abstraction, but rather as a materialized and historical subject. In this sense, it is proposed to investigate how many social issues that affect the Afro-descendant population in Brazil (impoverishment, crime, exclusion, police violence etc.) are elaborated in the work from this poetics of the feminine. In the same way, it will be discussed about the ways in which the narrative of Conceição Evaristo leads to establish close relations between death and enjoyment and, by extension, to inquire about the structural devices put into practice by the State and by the economic system that make black people into disposable human lives. To this end, the approaches of Achille Mbembe, Agamben, Judith Butler, Lacan and Riviera Garza will be approached with the aim of bringing to light as the story proposes a reflection, from literature, of inhuman conditions, aggravated in the context of contemporary necropolis, that it is up to the blacks to live in Brazil.||El presente artículo propone un análisis del cuento “Ana Davenga” (2016), de Olhos D’água, de la escritora brasileña Conceição Evaristo. En esta obra, narrada en tercera persona, se produce una feminización del enfoque narrativo, es decir, la perspectiva de la voz omnisciente, a pesar de no pertenecer al universo que cuenta, propone una mirada de mujer. Mediante la intersección de las categorías raza/clase, se propone una lectura desde la cual no se trataría de la mujer como una abstracción universal, sino de un sujeto materializado e histórico. En este sentido, se plantea indagar cómo múltiples cuestiones sociales que afectan a la población afrodescendiente en Brasil (empobrecimiento, crimen, exclusión, violencia policial, etc.) son elaboradas en la obra desde esta poética de lo femenino. De igual manera, se discurrirá sobre las formas en que la narrativa de Conceição Evaristo conduce a establecer estrechas relaciones entre la muerte y el goce y, por extensión, a reflexionar sobre los dispositivos estructurales puestos en práctica por el Estado y por el sistema económico que convierten a las personas negras en vidas humanas desechables. Para ello, se abordarán los planteamientos de Lacan, Judith Butler, Agamben, Riviera Garza y Achille Mbembe.
