Urban health and hygienism, the example of France||Urban health and hygienism, the example of France||Saúde urbana e higienismo, o exemplo da França

Descrição

Health is a good indicator of territorial quality and provi­des information on the quality of the place of life. Health in the city was early apprehended through medical topographies. They were able to highlight the health risks associated with urban building. This article therefore aims to illustrate the interactions between ancient city and health. Firstly, it will be conducted an historic presentation of some indicators of morbidity and mortality, and also of certain risk factors. Then, we will see how the awa­reness of urban health issues has influenced urban planning. Through the incorporation of hygienism, we will see how we had thought to preserve people health by transforming their place of life. This text will focus on the case of France and city of Lyons.||A saúde é um bom indicador de qua­lidade territorial e nos informa sobre a quali­dade do ambiente vivido. A saúde na cidade foi compreendida, por um longo tempo, através das topografias médicas, que puderam eviden­ciar os riscos de saúde ligados à concepção das cidades. Este artigo visa ilustrar as interações antigas entre cidade e saúde. Num primeiro momento, tratar-se-á da apresentação histó­rica de alguns indicadores de morbidade e de mortalidade, além de alguns fatores de risco. Veremos, em seguida, como a conscientização em relação aos desafios sanitários na cidade pôde influenciar o urbanismo e, através da incorporação do higienismo, como se pôde pensar em preservar a saúde das populações, transformando o seu espaço. Este texto eviden­ciará o caso da França e da cidade de Lyon.||Health is a good indicator of territorial quality and provi­des information on the quality of the place of life. Health in the city was early apprehended through medical topographies. They were able to highlight the health risks associated with urban building. This article therefore aims to illustrate the interactions between ancient city and health. Firstly, it will be conducted an historic presentation of some indicators of morbidity and mortality, and also of certain risk factors. Then, we will see how the awa­reness of urban health issues has influenced urban planning. Through the incorporation of hygienism, we will see how we had thought to preserve people health by transforming their place of life. This text will focus on the case of France and city of Lyons.